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Video CD (aka VCD,
VideoCD, View CD, Compact Disc digital video) is a
standard digital format for storing video on a Compact
Disc. VCDs are playable in dedicated VCD players, nearly
all personal computers, most modern DVD-Video players,
and some video game consoles.
The VCD standard was created in 1993 by Sony, Philips,
Matsushita, and JVC and is referred to as the White Book
standard.
VCD display resolution is 352 × 240 pixels (NTSC) or
352 × 288 pixels (PAL), approximately one quarter of
full TV resolution (720 × 480 and 720 × 576
respectively). VCD video is in MPEG-1 format, and the
video bitrate is required to be 1150 kilobits per
second. Audio is encoded as MPEG Layer 2 (MP2) at 224
kbit/s. Overall picture quality is intended to be
comparable to VHS video, though visual artifacts may be
noticeable in some cases. Poorly compressed video in VCD
tends to be of lower quality than VHS video, but
exhibiting blocky artifacts rather than analog noise.
Since the overall bit rate of VCD is approximately equal
to the bit rate of an ordinary audio CD, the length of
video that can be stored is similar to that of a CD: a
standard 74-minute CD can hold about 74 minutes of VCD-format
video.

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